Euro 6e-bis redefines the rules for plug-in hybrids

The regulations around the vehicle emissions continue to evolve, and the implementation of Euro 6e-bis marks a significant milestone. This regulation, which fully affects plug-in hybrid cars (or Plug-in Hybrid – PHEV), seeks to adjust the rules of the game to offer emissions and consumption figures that are more in line with everyday reality. The aim is to adjust real consumption to that announced by the brands…

From the January 1, 2025, all new models of plug-in hybrid cars will have to comply with this standard. Such regulations will be expanded to all vehicles registered from the end of 2025. This change not only affects manufacturers, but also consumers, who will have access to more accurate information on the CO2 emissions as fuel of these cars.

New methodologies for measuring emissions

One of the main changes introduced by the new Euro 6e-bis regulations is the increase in the reference distance used to calculate emissions. Until now the tests carried out simulated a journey of 800 kilometers. However, with the new regulations, this distance is extended to 2.200 kilometers, which allows for a more thorough analysis closer to the actual use of the vehicles.

This change becomes more relevant in the case of plug-in hybrids (PHEV) where test results significantly affect the perception of their environmental impact. Several studies have shown that, with the new parameters, reported emissions could double. For example, a popular model under these tests showed emissions that went from 45 g / km a 96 g / km of CO2. Undoubtedly, these are numbers with a considerable impact in countries that grant tax benefits based on these figures.

Impact on market incentives and strategies

La Euro 6e-bis could affect negatively the popularity of the plug-in hybrids in countries where tax incentives are directly linked to emissions. Until now, these cars had significant advantages over other technologies such as mild hybrids or full hybrids, thanks to their declared lower CO2 emissions. But with the change in measurement methods, the difference will be reduced or even eliminated.

Furthermore, with the increased emissions, brands could find it more difficult to comply with the CO2 limits imposed by the European Union in the CAFE standard. It is important to note that during the period 2020-2024, vehicle fleets had to be below the 115,1 g/km CO2. This limit will be even more restrictive from 2025, being reduced to 93,6 g / km. Brands that fail to meet these targets face fines of 95 Euros for each gram exceeded per vehicle.

Next steps and what lies ahead

Euro 6e-bis will not be the last standard in this effort to regulate emissions. Euro 2027e-bis-FCM, a more rigorous standard that will increase the reference distance for testing, is expected to come into force in 6. 4.260 kilometers. This new increase will allow for even more precise data to be obtained on the environmental impact of plug-in hybrids in real-world driving.

These measures aim to provide a regulatory framework that more accurately reflects the everyday use of vehicles, but they also pose considerable challenges for both manufacturers and drivers. For example, manufacturers will need to adjust their strategies to remain compliant with regulations, while customers may be less incentivised to opt for such vehicles if tax benefits are reduced.

With all this, The automotive industry is facing a paradigm shift, in which real efficiency and sustainability will be key factors in decision-making for both manufacturers and users.

Source - European Commission

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